DND 322: Gynaecology (II) and Reproductive Health (II)
Gynaecology (II) and Reproductive Health (II) topics, notes and separate lesson pages for Diploma in Nursing (Direct) students and nursing professionals...
Topic: Manage women with gynecological conditions
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Introduction To GynaecologyGynaecology is a branch of medicine which deals with diseases of the female reproductive systems.
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HISTORY, PHYSICAL EXAMINATION AND INVESTIGATIONS IN GYNAECOLOGYProper history taking is key in determining the proper diagnosis and a guide to the required examination and...
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Menstruation DisordersMenstrual disorders are abnormalities in menstruation during reproductive life.
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AMENORRHOEAAmenorrhoea refers to absence of menstruation which occurs in females during their reproductive age.
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DYSMENORRHOEADysmenorrhoea can occur at any age, though uncommon in the first 6 months after the onset of menses and...
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MENORRHAGIAMenorrhagia is a condition characterized by abnormally heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding.
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METRORRHAGIA/INTERMENSTRUAL BLEEDINGMetrorrhagia, now commonly called Intermenstrual bleeding is vaginal bleeding that occurs at irregular...
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POLYMENORRHOEA/ EPIMENORRHOEAPolymenorrhoea also refers to menstruation periods that occur at shorter intervals than usual (14-21 days),...
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DYSFUNCTIONAL UTERINE BLEEDINGDysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) refers to abnormal uterine bleeding that occurs in the absence of...
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PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROMEPremenstrual syndrome is a group of symptoms both physical and psychological that occur before menstruation.
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ABORTIONSAbortion is defined as the expulsion of products of conception before 28 weeks of gestation.
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THREATENED ABORTIONThreatened abortion occurs when products of conception tend to be expelled before 28 weeks of gestation, but...
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INCOMPLETE ABORTIONIncomplete abortion occurs when some products of conception, that is the placental tissues (chorionic...
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SEPTIC ABORTIONSeptic abortion is characterized by micro-organisms invading the retained products of conception in the...
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HABITUAL ABORTION (RECURRENT ABORTION)Habitual abortion refers to the occurrence of spontaneous abortion in three or more consecutive pregnancies.
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Ectopic PregnancyEctopic pregnancy is a gestation that implants outside of the endometrial cavity.
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CERVICAL ECTROPION (CERVICAL EROSION)Cervical ectropion is a condition where cells from inside the cervix form a red, inflamed patch on the...
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CERVICAL ECTROPION (CERVICAL EROSION)Cervical ectropion is a condition where cells from inside the cervix form a red, inflamed patch on the...
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CERVICAL ECTROPION (CERVICAL EROSION)Cervical ectropion is a condition where cells from inside the cervix form a red, inflamed patch on the...
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Pelvic Inflammatory Diseases (PID)Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) refers to various inflammatory conditions affecting the upper genital...
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InfertilityInfertility is the inability of a couple to conceive or to get a child after one year of regular coitus...
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OBSTETRIC/VAGINAL FISTULAVaginal Fistula is an abnormal communication (opening) of the vagina and the neighbouring -pelvic organs as...
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OBSTETRIC/VAGINAL FISTULAVaginal Fistula is an abnormal communication (opening) of the vagina and the neighbouring -pelvic organs as...
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Cancers of Reproductive Health OrgansBreast cancer occurs when cells in the breast grow and divide uncontrollably, forming a mass of tissue known...
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Cancers of Reproductive Health OrgansBreast cancer occurs when cells in the breast grow and divide uncontrollably, forming a mass of tissue known...
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Uterine FibroidsCauses of uterine fibroids are not fully understood, but research suggests that hormones and genetics play...
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Congenital Abnormalities of the Reproductive OrgansCongenital abnormalities of the female reproductive tract are developmental abnormalities in the...
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Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP)Cervical prolapse is a type of pelvic organ prolapse where the cervix descends into the vaginal canal, often...
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Ovarian CystsOvarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs or pockets within or on the surface of an ovary.
Topic: Applied anatomy of the female and male reproductive organ
Topic: Adolescent reproductive health
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Introduction to Reproductive HealthReproductive Health is an integral aspect of health care, included in the minimal health care package. The...
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Integration of Reproductive Health ServicesWhen an integration approach is applied in RHS the goal is to provide more than one service other than...
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ADOLESCENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHAdolescent Reproductive Health (ARH) is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not...
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Growth and Development in AdolescentsGrowth in adolescence refers to the physical changes that occur during this period of development.
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ADOLESCENT FRIENDLY HEALTH SERVICESAdolescent-friendly health services refer to those services that are geographically accessible, affordable,...
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ADOLESCENT SEXUALITYAdolescent sexuality is a stage of human development in which adolescents experience and explore sexual...
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VULNERABLE GROUPS IN ADOLOSCENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHVulnerable groups in Adolescent Reproductive Health Services are populations or individuals who face risks,...
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VULNERABLE GROUPS IN ADOLOSCENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHVulnerable groups in Adolescent Reproductive Health Services are populations or individuals who face risks,...
Topic: Family planning
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Family PlanningFamily planning is defined as the practice of having children by choice and not by chance.
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Family PlanningFamily planning is defined as the practice of having children by choice and not by chance.
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Hormonal Contraceptive MethodsHormonal family planning refers to the use of hormonal methods to prevent pregnancy.
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Family Planning CounselingFamily Planning Counseling is a continuous process that you as health care provider, as a counselor provide...
Topic: Sexually transmitted infections (STI)
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Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)/HIV/AIDSSexually Transmitted Diseases are infections which are generally acquired through unprotected sexual...
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GONORRHOEAGonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacterium, which targets...
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CHANCROID, BALANITIS & SYPHILISChancroid is a sexually transmitted infection that causes painful open sores, or chancroids, to develop in...
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CHANCROID, BALANITIS & SYPHILISChancroid is a sexually transmitted infection that causes painful open sores, or chancroids, to develop in...
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Syndromic management of STISyndromic approach to STI management is a method of diagnosing and treating sexually transmitted infections...
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Urethral Discharge SyndromeUrethral discharge syndrome is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection (STI) among men, marked by...
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Abnormal Vaginal Discharge SyndromeAbnormal vaginal discharge is defined as discharge that is different from usual with respect to...
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Genital Ulcer SyndromeGenital ulcer disease is a common syndrome affecting both men and women, characterized by single or multiple...
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Inguinal Buboes SyndromeInguinal buboes refer to localized swellings or enlarged lymph glands in the groin and femoral area.
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Inguinal Buboes SyndromeInguinal buboes refer to localized swellings or enlarged lymph glands in the groin and femoral area.
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Management of HIV/AIDs and HepatitisManagement of AIDS-Defining Illnesses
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OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS IN HIV/AIDSOpportunistic infections (OIs) are infections affecting HIV patients with weakened immunity, indicated by a...
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Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) involves the short-term use of antiretroviral medications to reduce the risk...
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Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) involves the short-term use of antiretroviral medications to reduce the risk...
Topic: Post abortion care
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POST ABORTION CAREPost abortion care (PAC) is an approach aimed at reducing injuries and death resulting from incomplete and...
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POST ABORTION CAREPost abortion care (PAC) is an approach aimed at reducing injuries and death resulting from incomplete and...
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POST ABORTION CAREPost abortion care (PAC) is an approach aimed at reducing injuries and death resulting from incomplete and...
Illustrations and Diagrams (8)
